The arched star or virginia's sun, is a star with sixteen rays. It was unearthed in 1977 in Vergina, in Macedonia by Manolis Andronikos. He discovered it recorded in the graves of the kings of the old Macedonian kingdom.
The meaning of the symbol it isn't clear. It can be a symbol of Macedonia, an emblem of the Argyle dynasty, a religious symbol or a decorative picture.The chest can belong to Filipo II or Filipo III of Arrideo. Another version was found in the chest of Olimpia the mother of Alejandro Magno, but with 12 rays.
A estrela argéada, tamen coñecida como "Sol vergina" é un símbolo de dezaseis raios, descuberta no ano 1977, nunhas excavacións arqueolóxicas en Vergina, Macedonia. Descuberta nun cofre dourado na tumba dos reis da antiga Macedonia. Dise que o cofre onde apareceu pertencía ao rei Filipo II, pai de Alexandre Magno.
A estrela argéada según dín, ten varios significados, pero case todos optan pola hipótese relixiosa, que representaba os doce deuses do olimpo.
Na actualidade é un símbolo da antiga cultura Macedonia e a Grecia actual. O cofre está exposto no Museo Arquelóxico de Vergina.
An Olive Wreath was the distinction (or the prize) for the winers of the Olympic Games. The Old Olympic Games were series of athletic competitions disputed by representatives of different greek city-states. The first Olympic Games were organized by the ancient greeks in Olympia, in 776 B.C. The Olympic Games were celebrated every four years. At that time in Olympic Games there were less events and only free men who spoke greek can compete, the Games were always celebrated at the same place. The last Old Olympic Games were celebrated in 393 AD, almost twelve centuries after their beginnings. Before the adoption of christianity as official religion of the Roman Empire, the emperor Teodosio banned all the pagan celebrations, and the Olympic Games are included in that group.The olive wreath consists in a siege of olive's branches, previously cut with a golden knife, the person who cut the siege was a twelve year old boy, but his parents had to be alive. The winers were proclaimed heroes in their cities too, and the State paid their feeding for lifetime.
Now, the winers get medals and prizes from their respective Olympic Committees, but the olive wreath was reused in the Olympic Games of Greece, in 2004.
OLIVE WREATH
THE ORIGINS OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES AND THE OLIVE WREATH
OLIVE WREATH REUSED IN OLYMPIC GAMES IN GEECE 2004
The russian matrioskas have their origin on the japanese lands and it wasn't until the late nineteenth century when they arrived in the Siberian country. There are several theories about the way that they arrived in Russia like these ones: they arrived to a toy story in Moscow as the figure of Fukurum and the owner of the store adapted them to the Russian store, it was during an art japanese exhibition and they were a divine representation of Fukurokuju...
But the truth is that these dolls weren't born in Russia, like all of we think, they were imported to Japan and then, they were adapted to Russian culture.
Their name come from the name more common of Russian girls: Matriona, and for adapt these dolls to the customs and culture of Russia, they were called Matrioshka. About them
The Matrioskas simbolize the maternity, fertility and the symbol of Russian land. The fact that the small dolls are inside from the bigger ones is because they symbolize the fact that the mother gives birth a daughter, the daughter gives birth to another daughter and sucessively. They are usually made from wood and the trees that are used to make this dolls are cut in the month of April because they have more wisdom. After been cut in blocks and processed for a least of two years, a wood master makes the choice of pieces that will be used for the creation of the dolls and all dolls included in a Matrioska must be constructed from the same block of wood.
The Acient Olimpic Games were a series of athletic competitions among representatives of Greece city-states. The first Olympic was dated to 776 B.C in Olympia.
The Acient Olympic Games were every four years. In theese, there were less events than in Olympic Games and only could participate the men that spoke Greek. The prizes for the victors were olive leaf wreaths or crowns. The olive wreath was a branch of the wild olive tree that grew at Olympia interwined to form a circle or a horse shoe. The branches of the sacred wild-olive tree near the teample of Zeus were cut by a boy whose parents were both alive with a pair of golden scissors.
Then he took them to the teample of Hera and placed them on a gold-ivory table. From there, the judges of the Olympic Games would take them, make the wreaths and crown the winners of the Games. The olive wreath was introduced by Hercules in honor of his father Zeus. The last Acient Olympic Games was in 393 B.C, because the emperor Teodosio banned them.
A Venus
de Willendorf é unha estatua antropomorfa datada entre 20.000 e 22.000 anos
a.C.. O arqueólogo Joseph Szombathy atopou a figura nun xacemento datado do período Aurignaciense do Paleolítico
Superior, cerca de Willendorf (Austria) á beira do río Danubio en 1908.
Foi a primeira peza escultórica do Paleolítico que se atopou.
Esta figura de muller mide 10,5
centímetros de alto, 5,7 centímetros de ancho e 4,5 de espesor con 15 centímetros
de circunferencia. Foi tallada en pedra caliza e pintada de ocre vermello. A
figura ten as mamas, o abdome, as nalgas e a vulva extremadamente voluminosos,
polo que se asocia co concepto de fertilidade e maternidade. Os brazos son fráxiles e aparecen doblados sobre os
peitos; non ten unha cara visible e ten a cabeza cuberta do que parecen ser
trenzas, un tipo de peiteado o unha caparuza. A cabeza atópase inclinada cara
adiante e o abdome amosa un gran oco como embigo. Os xeonllos están un pouco xuntos
e os pés non están representados ou foron perdidos.
Algúns historiadores pensan que
representa o ideal de belleza prehistórico; outros sosteñen que simboliza a
“Nai Terra”; e outros que é un símbolo de seguridade, estatus social e
benestar. Enténdese que esta figura tiña importancia porque foi trasladada cos
membros da tribu, xa que está feita dun tipo de pedra caliza que non é
orixinaria da zona onde se atopou e ademais pertence a unha sociedade nómade.
Despois de este descubrimento,
atopáronse outras estatuas similares á d) venus
de Willendorf que apareceron en outros xacementos: a) Lespugue, Grimaldi e Tursac
(Francia), Dolni Vestonice (República Checa), Savignano (Italia), ou b) Menton.
http://arquehistoria.com/files/venus.jpg
A venus de Willendorf estivo gardada nunha caixa forte ata que
en 1998 amosouse ao público nunha exposición sobre arqueoloxía. Actualmente atópase
no Museo de Historia Natural de Viena.
